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Cooperation: Friendship for a Lifetime
Here is an article about games that you can use to teach friendship and
cooperation. Cooperative games are great for a variety of people, abilities,
and ages. So get ready to have some fun and learn how to
work with your friends!
Warm-up Activities
Bubbles
Divide children into small groups of three. Each group joins hands and becomes
a Small bubble. They blow together and take off floating around the room. They
can avoid contact with other Bubbles, float around with eyes closed, or touch
and join into a large bubble. In the end one Giant bubble collapses to the
floor with one loud "POP!"
Obstacle Course
Get some of the children to contribute ideas for obstacles with whatever
is in the room or play yard and whatever actions they can create for difficult
ways to move in relation to it, scooting on your bottom under a table.
BalloonCity
Materials: Balloon
Place a large number of balloons in a small area. The
challenge is to keep them all in the air any way they can without holding them
with no hands
Mile of Yarn
Material: Yarn
One child starts with a bright ball of thick yarn, wraps the end of the
yarn around her waist, and passes the ball to another child. He wraps it
around his waist, and passes it to another child, and so on. Once the whole
group has been intertwined in yarn, the whole process is reversed. The last
player begins to rewind the ball, passes it to the next child, and so on until
the fully wound ball reaches the first child.
Hello! Hi! Hola!
Materials: Parachute
Have the children stand up and hold the chute. Lift it up
height and everyone ducks their heads under the chute. Each
person calls out a friend’s name on the other side of the chute. Lower
the chute and ask the children to find another friend who is next to them and
say hi. Continue the game by calling out a color of another
child’s clothing and have the group say hello to them as they duck their heads
under the chute.
Walking Statues
Two teams start from opposite
ends of the field. The leader stands in the center of the field. The goal is
to reach the leader first. Teams can move only when the leader is facing the
other team. If individuals are caught moving, they must go back to the start.
Low Activity Games
Paper Chase
Materials: Piece of paper for each team.
Give each child an ordinary piece of paper. The teacher shows the
children how to run with the paper, first by holding it on her chest, then,
after picking up speed, letting go so the air pressure holds it in place. It
is relatively easy to keep it in place running in a straight line. The
challenge is to run in circles.
Get ‘me out of Here
Materials: Newspaper and chalk
Divide the children into two teams. Give each an area to patrol, clearly
marked with chalk, tape, or lines drawn in the dirt. Give each child a piece
of paper to wad into a ball. On the signal "go" the children throw their wads
over to the other team's area. On the signal "stop" the children count up the
number of wad balls on each side. The object is to have the least number of
paper wads.
Backward Get-Up
This may
be done with partners or in a group. Have student’s link arms while sitting
back to back. On the "go" signal, have them simultaneously stand up and sit
back down. (Start with partners and move to a group after they have
experienced success.)
Forward Get-Up
Repeat the
Backward Get-Up, but have the students sit facing each other with hands
joined.
Midpoint Games
Toss the Bird
Materials: Towel
This is a tag game with a twist.
The “bird” can be knotted towel or some other soft object suitable for
throwing. You can have as many as you think are necessary. The point is that
you can’t be tagged if you are holding a bird. People can toss the bird(s) to
each
Other to help “protect” each
other from being caught. Obviously you will want to have fewer birds than you
have people who are being chased. More than one person can be “it.”
High Level Activity Games
Wall to Wall
Find a space to run across from wall to wall or wall to fence. Start
with a counting-go game, yelling the loudest "Go!" you can muster, where upon
the children run from one wall and stop at the other. Run with different
children each time. Count up to different numbers. Count down. Then challenge
different ways to run. Tip toes? Knees high? Arms high? Circling? Swinging?
Twisting? Zigzag? Backwards? Jumping?
Run, Run Chicken Go Home
Like wall to wall, the children run from one safe zone to the next, but
in the middle is the catcher, who calls, "Run chicken goes home" to signal the
others to run across the mid space. Anyone tagged becomes part of the catchers
for the next run, proceeding until all are caught and the game begins anew.
Elbow Tag
Pairs of children who are linked together arm in arm at the elbow are
safe. In this variant of tag, when a third child joins the pair by linking to
an available arm, the person on the opposite arm must escape to find a new
partner before being tagged.
Freeze Tag
One person is "IT." IT tries to catch the others. When tagged, a child
must freeze. Others may touch the frozen child to free him or her. Change who
is IT every few minutes until each child has had a turn. Change the
boundaries. Change the number of children who are IT.
Safe Tag
In this tag game, the group establishes a specific safe object (tree or
climber) or difficult body position (standing on one leg or standing back to
back with another child). Change the safe object or pose. Change the number of
its.
Hoop Tag
In this tag game the hoops or tires are free zones. Use the same number
of hoops as players, minus two. IT and one runner have no hoops. IT chases the
runner who can displace any person by jumping into his or her hoop. Only one
person can be in a hoop at one time. When tagged, IT and runner change places.
Cookie Monster
All children line up along a wall, fence, marked
line. They are cookies. One child is the Cookie Monster who stands some
distance away. The children chant, "Cookie Monster, Cookie Monster, what time
is it?" The cookie monster responds with a clock time, choosing any number he
or she wishes, e.g., "Eight o'clock." The 'cookies' then count out loud
together as they take large steps toward the Cookie Monster, "One, two, three,
four, five, six, seven, and eight." The 'cookies' repeat their 'what time'
call. The cookie monster continues to respond with time numbers until he or
she decides to answer, "Cookie time!" whereupon the Cookie Monster chases the
cookies back to the wall.
Closing Games
KickCity
Materials: Soft balls and assorted playground equipment
Place a large number of soft balls in a small area. The challenge is to keep
them all moving. Challenge children to kick with their non-dominant foot. Kick
it to a friend? Kick between two cones? Kick through a hula hoop? Bounce all
kicks off the wall?
Shadows
When the sun is shining, find a space where the children can watch their
shadows. Challenge them to make shadows with different characteristics. Tall?
Wide as possible. Narrow as possible? Lie on back and make shadows with their
legs only? In combinations with others, make a dog shadow? Create monsters?
Machines?
Non-Elimination Simon Says
Two games begin simultaneously, each with a leader, who performs various
movements which the children mimic when given the command, "Simon says do
____." However, when the leader says, "Do ___." without having said "Simon
says,” any child who follows, instead of being eliminated, transfers to the
second game, joining in on the next "Simon says" command. In this way there is
no exclusion, only movement between the two groups.
Copy Cat
Materials: chute
Hold the chute above your head. One child goes under the
chute and the other children mimic the exercise. Hold the
chute out and have the children mimic the exercise of another student. Play
continues until all children have had a turn.
New Places
Materials: chute
Stretch the chute above the student’s heads. Call out
a student’s name and have them demonstrate an exercise under the chute. Have
them move to another place on the chute. Lower the chute
and start the process again with another child doing an exercise and moving to
another place around the chute.
Ripples and Waves
Materials: chute and ball
Have the students work together to make the same kind of waves. Have
them work cooperatively together to make small, medium and large waves. Add
a ball and see how long that they can cooperatively work together to keep the
ball on the parachute.
Parachute Pulls
Materials: chute
Have the children grab the parachute and cooperatively pull the chute. Hold
out the chute for a count of five. Have the children and
the chute relax. Try stretching the chute in different
levels standing, sitting and above their skills. Discuss
with the children which ones were the most challenging for them. Talk
about the importance of working together.
References:
Cooperative Challenges
http://www.teachervision.fen.com/group-work/lesson-plan/5864.html?wtlAC=GS_2006-04-17,email-gs_15
Learning for a Lifetime
http://www.learning-for-life.org/exploring/resources/99-720/x08.pdf
Physical Games for Cooperative Play
http://northonline.sccd.ctc.edu/eceprog/games.html
Wilmes, Liz and Dick. Parachute Play.Elgin,
Illinois: Building
Blocks, 2000
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Cooperative Games: The Series
Cooperative games help preschool children develop their self-esteem and
respect for others and enhance their communication, body coordination, and
perception through games that involve all the senses, movement, creativity and
self-expression. The elderly will be helped by cooperative
games because such games keep memory activie, help individuals remain
physically flexible, and promote positive relationships and enjoyment. Recreational
activities for people with special needs will create a positive atmosphere in
the group and help stimulate interaction in a group where members have
differing abilities.
Amoeba Tag
Two people are it. They hold hands and chase people. Any person they catch
joins the chain by linking hands. When another person is caught, they can stay
together or split into two pairs, but they must split into even numbers and
they can link together at will. This game is played until nobody is left.
Human Juggler
Materials: a number of balls,
preferably of different sizes.
Arrange your group in a circle. The
goal of the game is to be able to pass a series of balls around the circle in
a pattern without dropping any of them! Start with one ball. The leader takes
the ball, calls the name of another player somewhere else in the circle, and
tosses the ball to that person. This player then calls the name of a second
player, and tosses the ball to that person. This pattern repeats until
everyone in the circle has received the ball once and the ball has made its
way back to the leader. It is important that everyone remembers who they
tossed the ball to. Practice tossing the ball around the circle in the
established pattern until everyone is comfortable with this stage. Then you
can introduce a second ball, then a third, then a fourth. See how many balls
the group can manage at one time!
Human Alphabet Soup
This game can either be played using
the whole group or with the group split into teams. The first thing to try is
to get the group to make the letter “A” by lying on the ground, using their
bodies as parts of the letter. Once they figure it out, see how fast they can
go through the entire alphabet. If you are using teams, race the teams against
each other to see which team can form a letter first. Once the group has
become comfortable with the game, get the teams to spell whole words with each
member of the team forming one letter.
People to People
Everyone in the group should find a
partner or should break into teams of three, depending on the numbers. Explain
that when the group hears the phrase “people to people,” they should find a
new partner or team. Begin by calling out body parts, such as “hip to hip.”
Partners must then stand so that they are standing with their hips touching.
Continue to call out appropriate body parts. Commands like “finger to
shoulder” should also be given. Each time a new body part is called out, the
pairs must maintain the previous connections, while forming the new ones. For
example, a pair may stand with hips, hands, and fingers/shoulders touching.
After a few commands, call “people to people.” The game can be made more
challenging (and silly) by increasing pairs to teams of three or more.
Cooperative games
are a great way for teachers and trainers to get to know their students at the
beginning of the year. Games that involve teamwork and cooperation are
essential to teach students to work with one another. Cooperative games
are great to use with any ages. So get up and play some games.
References:
Cooperative Games
http://www.ultimatecampresource.com/site/camp-activities/cooperative-games.page-1.html
Cooperative Games
http://www.irvingisd.net/pe/PEWEB/cooperative_games.htm
Cooperative
Games & Crafts
http://www.geocities.com/gsgreenneck/coopgames.html
Cooperative Games for Ice Breakers
http://www.schenectady.k12.ny.us/CurricularAreas/PHysicalEducation/PE.cooperativegames.k8.pdf
Cooperatives Games
http://dragon.sleepdeprived.ca/games/cooperative_games/cooperative_games_menu.htm
Games for Child Scouts
Fun Opening Games & Getting to Know
You Activities
http://www.geocities.com/gsgreenneck/introgames.html
Mr. Gym Cooperative Games
http://www.mrgym.com/CooperativeGames.htm
Initiative Games
http://www.k12.wa.us/TeenAware/Forms/Cooperative%20Games.pdf
The Power of Peace givers
http://www.peacegames.org/Resources_what_are_coop_games.shtml
Cooperative Games
http://www.sigridloos.com/games.htm
We Can Play Together
Cooperative Games in Daycare
http://www.childcarelounge.com/Caregivers/playtogether.htm
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